![]() ![]() Due to the catecholamines produced by these masses, these patients may experience marked (occasionally fatal) fluctuations in blood pressure and arrhythmias during the peri-operative period. If metastasis is not identified during workup, patients are stabilized with an alpha 1-antagonist before careful surgical excision. Usually solitary, slow-growing masses, they locally invade the caudal vena cava and can metastasize to the liver and regional lymph nodes. Most often seen in dogs and cows, and occasionally in horses, pheochromocytomas are most commonly tumors of chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla (or less commonly paragangliomas) that secrete excess catecholamines-epinephrine and/or norepinephrine.Ĭlinical signs are usually variable and nonspecific, including PU/PD, increased panting, lethargy, weakness/collapse, anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea. Pheochromocytomas are the most common, though still rare, tumor of the adrenal medulla. ![]()
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